A child who reads words fluently may understand nothing he read — check comprehension, not just sound.

Read with your child fifteen minutes daily — cumulative impact on language and intelligence beats any curriculum.

Aim for 21,000 words a day with your child — guarding against the "30-million-word gap."

Keep reading aloud to your child to age 12, even if he reads alone — benefits go beyond language.

Replace "you're not good at reading" with sentences linking difficulty to a temporary stage, not a fixed identity.

Turn a 200-page PDF into a Q&A conversation with exact-quote answers.

Paper book vs Kindle, paper vs Notes, watch vs phone clock.